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A roller bearing is one of the two types of rolling, or antifriction bearings, the other being the ball bearing. A roller bearing has two grooved tracks, but instead of balls, roller bearings utilize rollers. The rollers may be cylindrical, spherical or tapered. If the rollers are cylindrical, only radial loads (perpendicular to the axis of rotation) can be carried, but with tapered or spherical rollers both radial and thrust loads can be carried. In a given space, a roller bearing can carry a greater radial load than a ball bearing can. This is because roller bearings utilize line contact to support loads, whereas ball bearings utilize point contact. Roller bearings are available in a wide array of bore sizes, from 15mm to 1000mm and larger are not uncommon.

Cylindrical roller bearings:

Cylindrical roller bearings are utilized in applications where high radial load capacity and high speeds are required. Common applications include machine tool and rolling mills. Cylindrical roller bearings are available in several styles, consisting of single row with cage or full compliment, double row and are also available in many configurations. Configurations include:

NU - Two integral flanges on the outer ring and an inner ring without flanges.
N - Two integral flanges on the inner ring and an outer ring without flanges.
NJ - Two integral flanges on the outer ring and one integral flange on the inner ring
NUP - Two integral flanges on the outer ring and one integral and one loose flange on the inner ring.

Spherical roller bearings:

Spherical roller bearings are predominantly double row roller bearings with a common sphered raceway in the outer ring. Spherical roller bearings are self-aligning making them forgiving to misalignment of the shaft relative to the housing. Spherical roller bearings can handle both radial and axial loads. Additional information can be found on the Spherical roller bearing tab.

Tapered roller bearings:

Tapered roller bearings have tapered inner and outer ring raceways between which tapered rollers are arranged, optimizing rolling conditions. Tapered roller bearings are utilized in applications where there is a combination of radial and axial (thrust) loads. Tapered roller bearings are predominantly a two piece construction, consisting of a cone (or inner ring with rollers) and a cup (or outer ring). Additional information can be found on the Tapered roller bearing tab.