Diode Laser Applications with wavelengths-650nm/810nm/980nm/1064nm/1470nm/1940nm

Lasers have been used for various medical procedures such as dermatology and cosmetic surgery , wound healings, nerve stimulation, dentistry ophthalmology applications for vision corrections and corneal deceases. and many other therapeutic procedures. Combining the nanoparticles, diode lasers have been also used for cancer therapy, bio-sensing, bio-imaging, drug delivery and diagnostics of cancer cell. Lasers in the near infrared (IR), wavelength of (750-1200) nm, have deeper tissue penetration depths than that of visible lasers. Therefore, near IR lasers are good candidates for procedures which need deep penetrations such as hair removal and nano-gold mediated cancer therapy. On the other hand, visible lasers (430 – 680) nm with strong absorption in blood and color-dyes have been used for phototherapy of oral cancer, retina deceases and tattoo removal. Mid-IR lasers (1.9-3.0) um and (9.3 -10.6) um with strong absorption in water and tissue have been used for super surface procedures or ablative type procedures such as soft and hard tissue ablation. Other IR lasers (1.3-1.6) um have been used for so called minimally invasive procedures such as resurfacing due to their smaller tissue absorption than that of mid-IR lasers.

Diode lasers can be used for various surgical procedures including soft tissue cutting, coagulation and cancer thermal therapy.
Laser-matter interaction Laser-tissue (or other media) interaction, in general, could be categorized into three processes: (a) pure thermal, (b) non-thermal, and (c) combined thermal and non-thermal effects. As shown in Figure 1, laser can be reflected, absorbed, scattered or transparent to the matter. These processes are governed by not only the tissues (media) optical properties but also the laser parameters such as its wavelength, energy, intensity, pulse-width, repetition rate and the operation modes, continuous wave (CW) or pulsed mode. Various fiber structures for effective delivery of the laser energy to the treated areas are also critical in specific applications.