Common name

picloram (BSI, E-ISO, ANSI, WSSA, JMAF); piclorame ((m) F-ISO)

Classification

Herbicide

Toxicity

IARC ref. 53  class 3  Oral Acute oral LD50 for male rats >5000, mice 2000-4000, rabbits c. 2000, guinea pigs c. 3000, sheep >1000, cattle >750 mg/kg.  Skin and eye Acute percutaneous LD50 for rabbits >2000 mg/kg. Moderate eye irritant; mild skin irritant (rabbits). No skin sensitisation.  Inhalation LC50 for male and female rats >0.035 mg/l (picloram); >1.63 mg/l (potassium salt); >0.035 mg/l (isooctyl ester); >0.07 mg/l (triisopropylammonium salt).  NOEL (2 y) for rats 20 mg/kg daily.  ADI 0.2 mg/kg.  Toxicity class WHO (a.i.) III (Table 5); EPA (formulation) I (based on inhalation toxicity values; however, because of low volatility, picloram can only be tested at low doses, when no deaths occurred, and any effects at higher doses cannot be determined) 

Birds Acute oral LD50 for chicks c. 6000 mg/kg. LC50 for mallard ducks, bobwhite quail >5000 mg/kg diet.  Fish LC50 (96 h) for rainbow trout 5.5 (picloram); 26 (potassium salt); 41.4 (triethylammonium salt); 51 (triisopropanolammonium salt) (all in mg/l); for bluegill sunfish 14.5 (picloram); 109 (triisopropanolammonium salt) (both in mg/l).  Daphnia LC50 34.4 (picloram); 63.8 (potassium salt) (both in mg/l).  Algae EC50 for Selenastrum 36.9 mg/l.  Other aquatic spp. LC50 for pink shrimp 10.3 mg/l.  Bees LD50 for honeybees >100 mg/bee.  Worms Practically non-toxic to earthworms. 

Formulations

   picloram  94%TC

Application

Biochemistry Growth regulator. Synthetic auxin mimic (acting like indolylacetic acid).  Mode of action Selective systemic herbicide, absorbed rapidly by the roots and leaves, and translocated both acropetally and basipetally, accumulating in new growth.  Uses The main use of picloram salts and esters is for the management of unwanted vegetation in rangeland, grass pastures, forestry, as well as non-crop land and rights-of-way sites such as around industrial and military installations, roads,railways, airports, under powerlines and along pipelines. In some countries, there are additional uses in rice, sugar cane, cereals and oilseed rape.  Phytotoxicity Phytotoxic to most broad-leaved crops (except crucifers). Non-phytotoxic to established grasses, but seedling grasses may be susceptible.  Formulation types SL. When picloram is formulated as a stand-alone product, it is typically as the potassium salt.  When in combination with other active ingredients, picloram is formulated either as an ester or an amine salt. 

Packing

25kg drum and 200kg drum for TC, 200L drum for SL                   

Molecular Weight