Silicon Wafer P Type Boron Doped

Pure single-crystal cylinders of silicon are sliced into thin, highly polished Phosphorus Doped Silicon Wafer less than one-fortieth of an inch thick. Hundreds of memory chips are etched onto each wafer, while for processor chips, perhaps only ten to 50 devices will fit on one wafer. Most chip designs are developed with the help of computer systems or computer-aided design (CAD) systems. Circuits are developed, tested by simulation, and perfected on computer systems before they are actually built. When the design is complete, glass photomasks are made—one mask for each layer of the circuit. These glass photomasks are used in a process called photolithography.

Specification:

Nanoshel  is a supplier of CZ and FZ silicon wafer and has been the worldwide source for high pure silicon wafers & thermal oxide silicon materials .

Silicon wafer is the most common material and widely used for a varity of high-tech industries , including integrated circuits , detector / sensor device , MEMS fabrication, opto-electronic components, and solar cells . With abundant selling and production experiences , Nanoshel  understand your requirements and can provide exactly the silicon products you need with the highest quality and lowest possible price .

Nanoshel can provide both standard and customized silicon wafers to meet your unique needs . Silicon wafer is produced as per SEMI. Standard and packed in standard cassette with vacuum sealed in clean room enviroment , with a good quality control system , Nanoshel is dedicated to providing clean and high quality silicon wafer products .

For standard and frequently used silicon wafer , we always maintains a large inventory including prime wafers and test wafers to insure we can satisfy your requirements in a timely manner . As for non-standard silicon wafer , this is our strength , we have the ability to help customers in finding hard to find or odd silicon wafer .

Nanoshel  specialized in providing not only bare silicon wafer but also in providing value added silicon products , we can grow thermal oxide ( SiO2 layer ) and deposit silicon nitride ( Si3N4 layer ) onto bare silicon substrate in diameter range from 2 inch to 12 inch , we are ready to work with you for your specific silicon needs .

Materials (Wafer Holding), a leading provider of specialty silicon and silicon services, today announced that they have acquired Pure Wafer Inc., a top tier silicon reclaim company, to become the largest US based supplier of reclaim, test and specialty silicon.

Silicon is a gray, brittle, tetravalent, chemical element. It makes up 27.8% of the earth’s crust and next to Oxygen, it is the most abundant element in nature. Silicon can be found in materials such as quartz, agate, flint and common beach sand amongst many others. It is the main component in building materials like cement, brick and glass. The majority of semiconductors and micro chips are built on Silicon.  Ironically, silicon by itself does not conduct electricity very well. However, it can take on dopants precisely in order to control resistivity to an exact specification.

Before a semiconductor can be built, silicon must be transformed into a wafer. This begins with the growth of a silicon ingot. A single silicon crystal is a solid composed of atoms arranged in a three dimensional periodic pattern that extends throughout the material. A polysilicon crystal is formed by many small single crystals with different orientations and alone, cannot be used for semiconductor devices.

The materials are then heated to a temperature above the melting point of silicon, 1420 degrees Celsius. Once the polycrystalline and dopant combination has been liquefied, a single silicon crystal, the seed, is positioned on top of the melt, barely touching the surface. The seed has the same crystal orientation required in the finished ingot. To achieve doping uniformity, the seed crystal and the crucible of molten silicon are rotated in opposite directions. Once conditions for the crystal growth have been met, the seed crystal is slowly lifted out of the melt. Growth begins with a rapid pulling of the seed crystal in order to minimize the number of crystal defects within the seed at the beginning of the growing process. The pull speed is then reduced to allow the diameter of the crystal to increase. When the desired diameter is obtained the growth conditions are stabilized to maintain the diameter. As the seed is slowly raised above the melt, the surface tension between the seed and the melt causes a thin film of the silicon to adhere to the seed and then to cool. While cooling, the atoms in the melted silicon orient themselves to the crystal structure of the seed.

Once the wafers complete the final cleaning step, they are sorted to specification and inspected under high intensity lights or laser-scanning systems in order to detect unwanted particles or other defects. All wafers that meet specification are packaged in cassettes and sealed with tape. Then placed in a vacuum-sealed plastic bag, and an air tight foil outer bag to assure that no particles or moisture enter the cassette upon leaving the clean room.

• Silicon on Insulator (SOI):
• Only a thin layer on the surface of a silicon wafer is used for making electronic components; the rest serves essentially as a mechanical support. The role of SOI is to electronically insulate a fine layer of monocrystalline silicon from the rest of the silicon wafer. Integrated circuits can then be fabricated on the top layer of the SOI wafers using the same processes as would be used on plain silicon wafers. The embedded layer of insulation enables the SOI-based chips to function at significantly higher speeds while reducing electrical losses. The result is an increase in performance and a reduction in power consumption. There are two types of SOI wafers. Thin film SOI wafers have a device layer <1.5 µm and thick film wafers have a device layer >1.5 µm.

• Wafer bonding. - In this process the surface of two wafers are coated with an insulating layer (usually oxide). The insulating layers are then bonded together in a furnace creating one single wafer with a buried oxide layer (BOX) sandwiched between layers of semiconductor. The top of the wafer is then lapped and polished until a desired thickness of semiconductor above the BOX is achieved.

• SIMOX - Seperation by Implantation of Oxide. In this process a bulk semiconductor wafer is bombarded with oxygen ions, crating a layer of buried oxide. The thickness of intrinsic semiconducor above the box is determined by the ion energy. An anneal reinforces Si-O bonds in the BOX.

• Smart Cut - The wafer bonding method is used to form the BOX, but instead of lapping off excess semiconducor (which is wasteful) a layer of hydrogen is implanted to a depth specifying the desired active layer of semiconductor. An anneal at ~500°C splits the wafer along the stress plane created by the implanted hydrogen. The split wafer may then be reused to form other SiO wafers.

Nanomaterials for Defence-Security:

The detection of chemical and biological warf are agents,encapsulated in monomolecular layers of functionalized alkanethiols radiological agents, and other hazardous vapors has significant deposited on interrogated microelectronics reversibly absorb vapors, import for both the military and homeland security efforts. Small, Monolayer swelling or dielectric alteration in the thin film caused lightweight, port able, and high sensitive sensors based on by absorption of the vapor molecules causes a small current. The nanomaterials are currently being developed and evaluated, system appears to have minimal water sensitivity, but can detect harmful vapors down to the parts per billion level or lower. Gold nano particles have been investigated for use in sensors for Selectivity of the sensors can be tailored by changing the both chemical and biological warfare agents. In one example, structure and functionality of the alkanethiol. Microchips for detecting chemical, biological and radiological agents that are based on nano particles are also being developed.

Description

The particles that are used in the pharmaceutical industry are still micron size only because the nano powders in the pharmaceutical industry are still in the research stage for most of the cases but in some cases of laparoscopy and angioscopy nano powders have been used but it are not cost effective. In the recent years the demand for nano powders are increased drastically because of its wide range of applications by producing Nano powder with metals like aluminum, iron and copper. This Novel technology is used in the production of aluminum powder which has applications in aviation industry.

Smart Nano Materials In Construction Industry

Nanotechnologies for Thermal Insulation:

Micro- and nanoporous aerogel materials are appropriate for being core materials of vacuum insulation panels but they are sensitive to moisture. As a possible remedy it was produced an ultra-thin wall insulation which uses a hydrophobic nanoporous aerogel structure. Another application of aerogels is silica based products for transparent insulation, which leads to the possibility of super-insulating windows. Micro- or nano electo mechanical systems offer the possibility of monitoring and controlling the internal environment of buildings and this could lead to energy savings.

Infrastructure:

We have built a large infrastructure that is equipped with all the required automatic machines assists us to produce the optimum quality assortment within the committed time frame. This division is further divided into various sub-units like manufacturing, designing, quality-testing, R & D, warehousing & packaging and sales & marketing. By segregating our sophisticated infrastructure, we ensure the smooth flow of processing, quality checking and other related activities. Also, the installed machinery is regularly lubricated to ensure their hassle free working.

Company Introduction:

We are privileged to have a support of highly experienced and efficient team of professionals which enable us to manufacture and supply a quality array of Carbon Nanotubes, Metal and Alloy Nanoparticles, Oxides Allied Nanoparticles and Nanoparticles. All these professionals are well aware with all the aspects of chemicals and help us in processing the best quality products. Due to the hard work and dedication of these team members, we have been able to successfully maintaining a strong hold in the industry.

Our team includes the following members:

Chemical experts

Machine operators

Quality controllers

Research associates

Warehousing experts

Packaging experts

Sales and marketing professional

Skilled and semi-skilled labor

About Nanoshel Nanomaterial

Nanoshel LLC is a Wilmington, Delaware based nanotechnology company specializing in the commercialization of wide range of Nanoparticles and innovative materials of 21st century. Nanoshel is revolutionizing nanomaterials where traditional materials fall short.

Since 2005, Nanoshel has been exploring markets, developing innovative technologies, and providing breakthrough solutions using our Nanomaterials expertise. What’s interesting about materials on the Nano Scale – Contrary to popular belief is that size really does matter. That’s because when familiar materials are reduced to Nano proportions, they begin to develop odd properties. For example, plastics can conduct electricity, gold particles can appear red or green and solids can turn into liquids almost spontaneously at room temperature. While not all material is subject to change, the manipulation of such Nano change is a cornerstone of nanotechnology research.

At the Nano scale, substances may behave differently or better compared to the same substances at macro sizes. For instance, Gold can change Colour, Carbon can conduct heat and electricity better Silver has improved antimicrobial properties. Other changes that occur to substances at the Nano scale can include: Becoming super-elastic, Becoming more chemically reactive, Getting physically stronger or weaker, and Being able to cope with massive changes in temperature and pressure. It’s because of these unique properties that nanotechnology could be used in such a huge range of products.

Nanoshel Carbon Nanotubes, Graphene and Nanomaterials

Nanoshel sells purest and cheapest Carbon Nanotubes in the world. Selling in Ton quantities to various Industries from Coating and Plastic to Technology companies. Various Catalogue companies are buying CNTs from us in Ton and Kg quantities.

Carbon Nanotubes is produced by Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) method by Nanoshel and depending on the diameter one can obtain either single-walled Carbon Nanotubes(SWCNTs) or multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs). Our current capacity for the production of MWCNTs far exceeds that of other suppliers.

List of relevant Nanomaterial’s for Industry and Researchers

1. Buy 99% pure Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT), at an amazing price of US$100/Kg.

2. Buy 99% pure Multi walled Carbon Nanotubes in Ton quantities for Industrial use.

3. Buy metaloxide nanopowders for research & industrial use at prices seen never before.

4. Buy Aluminium nano powders for defence research with amazing results tested in defence labs.

5. Buy Quartz Fabric for Aero Space research having 0.2 mm thickness having amazing results.

6. Buy Silicon Wafers for materials research applied to semiconductor technology.

7. Buy Graphene Nano Powder, Dispersion and Pallets for research purpose in Gram quantities.

8. Buy Shape Memory Polymer for advanced polymer applications in Killogram and Gram quantities.

Our Bio Nano conjugation Services include

1. Antibody and protein biotinylation and fluorescent labeling.

2. Antibody-enzyme conjugates and other protein-protein linkages.

3. Conjugations for peptide immunogens and vaccines.

4. Conjugations with hydrophobic peptides.

5. Pegylation

6. Conjugate vaccines and proprietary chemistry for preparing Bio Nano Conjugates.

7. Custom Conjugated Antibodies: Our Custom services provide personalized solutions designed to supply researchers with the widest choice of tools to support their studies. We are powering Drug Discovery through Conjugation Chemistry.

Our Business Areas

1. MetalNanopowders

2. Compound Nanopowders

3. Metal Oxide Nanopowders

4. Nano Particle Dispersions

5. Single Walled Carbon Nano Tubes

6. Multi Walled Carbon Nano Tubes

7. Alloy Nano Powders, Clay Nanopowders, Shape Memory Polymers, Silicon Wafers, Sputtering Targets, Copper Foam etc.

Nanoshel Consulting – Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Product Development, Strategic Consultancy and Project Management.

Biotechnology Nanotechnology research, consultancy and product development. We specialize in delivering innovative solutions to industry across the life sciences and technology sectors. Nanoshel brings together teams of leading researchers from our partner institutions and employs a unique business model to deliver commercially driven research, consultancy and problem solving for its clients. This effectively removes the project delivery risk, ensuring that our academic partners deliver to time, budget and quality.

Please contact us for further silicon wafer information .

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