Propylene glycol (IUPAC name: propane-1,2-diol) is a viscous, colorless liquid, which is nearly odorless but possesses a faintly sweet taste. Its chemical formula is CH3CH(OH)CH2OH. Containing two alcohol groups, it is classed as a diol. It is miscible with a broad range of solvents, including water, acetone, and chloroform. In general, glycols are non-irritating and have very low volatility.
It is produced on a large scale primarily for the production of polymers. In the European Union, it has E-number E1520 for food applications. For cosmetics and pharmacology, the number is E490. Propylene glycol is also present in propylene glycol alginate, which is known as E405. Propylene glycol is a compound which is GRAS (generally recognized as safe) by the US Food and Drug Administration under 21 CFR x184.1666, and is also approved by the FDA for certain uses as an indirect food additive. Propylene glycol is approved and used as a vehicle for topical, oral, and some intravenous pharmaceutical preparations in the U.S. and in Europe.
Parma Grade:
| Items | Unit | Specification | Results |
| Identification | -- | passed | passed |
| Appearance | -- | Colorless clear viscous liquid | Colorless clear viscous liquid |
| Assay | % | 99.80 min | 99.92 |
| EG | ppm | 50max | 20 |
| DEG | ppm | 50max | 20 |
| Residue on lgnition | mg | 2.5max | 1.0 |
| Chloride | Weight % | 0.007max | <0.007 |
| Sulfate | Weight% | 0.006max | <0.006 |
| Heavy metals | ppm | 5max | <5 |
| Specific Gravity | 25ºC | 1.035-1.037 | 1.036 |
| Acidity(0.1N NaOH) | ml | 0.05max | 0.03 |
| Moisture | Weight % | 0.10max | 0.031 |
| Fe | ppm | 0.1max | 0 |
| Color | Pt-Po | 10max | <10 |
| IBP | ºC | 184 | 184 |
| DP | ºC | 189 | 186 |
